In particular, silica-based nanoparticles are able to stimulate chondrogenic differentiation and improve osteogenic activity. The dendritic mesoporous organic silica nanoparticles (DMON) are a promising system for the delivery of various cargos due to the well-defined mesoporous structure, mechanical and chemical stability, excellent biocompatibility, and molecularly biodegradable organic-inorganic hybrid composition. Thus, it is of utmost importance the development of a new approach to repair cartilage guaranteeing the release of Dex at the site of inflammation and on-demand release of the drug in the specific location where the lesions are present to improve the healing of cartilage defects. However, Dex injected in the joint cavity is rapidly cleared because of unsatisfactory biocompatibility, leading to a poor therapeutic effect. Under normal circumstances, the injection of the anti-inflammatory drug dexamethasone (Dex) in OA joints and other inflamed tissues slows down the progression of inflammation and relieves the pain. arthroplasty), which is often followed by huge risks of severe pain and inflammation, significantly affecting the process of articular cartilage repair and regeneration. The restoration of cartilage diseases usually relies on joint replacement by surgery (i.e. However, the above-mentioned hydrogels cannot guarantee an appropriate injectability because of commonly mechanically. In addition, a multifunctional hydrogel with hyaluronic acid-graft-dopamine internally doped with reduced graphene oxide was reported as inducing tissue regeneration. For example, a hydrogel based on catechol-Fe coordinate dynamic bond was developed with scavenging ability of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The catechol-chemistry-based hydrogels are characterized by long-term adhesiveness, excellent antibacterial properties, and antioxidant performance, leading to the development of multifunctional composite hydrogel scaffolds usable in tissue engineering. Indeed, this approach has been extensively investigated because hydrogels can be designed with a particular scaffold that promotes cell proliferation and the production of cartilage-specific extracellular matrix (ECM). At present, hydrogel-based tissue engineering represents a promising strategy for cartilage defects. Therefore, articular cartilage defects have become a serious clinical concern, since the development of osteoarthritis (OA) may occur in such cartilage defects, further causing joint dysfunction. The self-repair ability of the articular cartilage after the injury is limited due to the lack of vascular, neural, and lymphatic systems. Hence, the proposed multifunctional scaffold provides a promising advancement in articular cartilage tissue engineering and may have great prospects in the prevention of OA. The synergistic anti-inflammatory effect together with the induction of chondrogenesis by Dex-loaded hydrogel allowed the promotion of cartilage repair, as demonstrated by in vivo experiments. The hydrogel system stimulated the HIF-1α signaling pathway and suppressed inflammation thanks to the introduction of consequently facilitating chondrogenic differentiation. The obtained hydrogel possessed molding performance in situ, excellent mechanical strength, controllable biodegradability, the on-demand release of the drug, and biocompatibility. Therefore, in this work, a novel injectable hydrogel based on double cross-linking of Schiff base bonds and coordination of catechol-Fe was developed. Multifunctional hydrogels with simultaneous chondrogenic differentiation, antioxidative, and anti-inflammatory capacities may represent a promising solution. However, the anti-inflammatory Dex injected in the joint cavity is rapidly cleared, leading to a poor therapeutic effect. Usually, the injection of dexamethasone (Dex) in the OA joints slows down the progression of inflammation and relieves pain. The regeneration of the articular cartilage defects is characterized by the improvement in the quality of the repaired tissue and the reduction in the potential development of perifocal osteoarthritis (OA).
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